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417 words used in the labs.

Find a term from the labs, understand the process behind it, and see how it appears in the landscape. Each entry connects an explanation with a real observation and a model you can explore.

Age-progressive chain

Volcanoes that get older away from the active centre, recording plate motion.

What to look for

Hawaii from the ISS. The volcanic chain records Pacific plate motion relative to a long-lived hotspot; the youngest main island is at the southeast end.

The Hawaiian volcanic islands stretch across the Pacific beneath scattered white clouds in an ISS photograph.
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Explore further with USGS water glossary · USGS volcano glossary · NPS glacial geology · NASA Earth facts. Photograph acknowledgements are collected on the Image credits page.