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417 words used in the labs.

Find a term from the labs, understand the process behind it, and see how it appears in the landscape. Each entry connects an explanation with a real observation and a model you can explore.

Caldera

A large volcanic depression formed mainly when the ground collapses into an underlying magma reservoir after magma is withdrawn.

What to look for

USGS aerial photograph of Crater Lake, Oregon. Collapse following the eruption of Mount Mazama formed the caldera; Wizard Island is a younger volcanic cone.

Deep blue Crater Lake fills a broad volcanic depression, with Wizard Island near its western shore.
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Explore further with USGS water glossary · USGS volcano glossary · NPS glacial geology · NASA Earth facts. Photograph acknowledgements are collected on the Image credits page.