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417 words used in the labs.

Find a term from the labs, understand the process behind it, and see how it appears in the landscape. Each entry connects an explanation with a real observation and a model you can explore.

Toe

The downslope end of a landslide or other mass-movement deposit. Displaced material may thicken or bulge there as it slows. It differs from the crown, where material separates from the stable slope.

What to look for

Oso, Washington, 2014: an aerial photograph of the landslide source, travel path and deposit. The displaced material crossed the valley floor.

An aerial view of the Oso landslide's bare source scar, debris path and deposits across the valley.
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Explore further with USGS water glossary · USGS volcano glossary · NPS glacial geology · NASA Earth facts. Photograph acknowledgements are collected on the Image credits page.